Staphylococcus aureus beta toxin
Staphylococcus aureus beta toxin is a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus.[1] It is a form of sphingomyelinase[2] called sphingomyelinase C. This enzyme is toxic to a variety of cells, including erythrocytes, fibroblasts, leukocytes, and macrophages. Susceptible cells are subject to lysis of exposed sphingomyelin on their membrane surfaces.[3]
References
- ^ Cifrian E, Guidry AJ, Bramley AJ, Norcross NL, Bastida-Corcuera FD, Marquardt WW (February 1996). "Effect of staphylococcal beta toxin on the cytotoxicity, proliferation and adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to bovine mammary epithelial cells". Veterinary microbiology 48 (3-4): 187–98. doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00159-X. PMID 9054116.
- ^ Gaskin DK, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Hovde CJ (February 1997). "Purification of Staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin: comparison of three isoelectric focusing methods". Protein expression and purification 9 (1): 76–82. doi:10.1006/prep.1996.0664. PMID 9116505. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1046-5928(96)90664-6.
- ^ Patrick R. Murray, Ken S. Rosenthal, Michael A. Pfaller (2009) [1990]. Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Mosby. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-323-05470-6.
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| Bacterial toxins |
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| Mycotoxins |
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| Invertebrates |
arthropod: scorpion: Charybdotoxin, Maurotoxin, Agitoxin, Margatoxin, Slotoxin, Scyllatoxin, Hefutoxin, Lq2, Birtoxin, Bestoxin, BmKAEP, Phaiodotoxin · spider: Latrotoxin ( Alpha-latrotoxin) · Stromatoxin · PhTx3
mollusca: Conotoxin · Eledoisin · Onchidal · Saxitoxin · Tetrodotoxin
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| Vertebrates |
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note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species
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